The differences of skeletal pattern relations of non-syndromic cleft lip and palate patients between male and female

Abstract

Background: Non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (nsCLP) is a congenital anomaly affecting the craniofacial structures where there is a congenital abnormal cleft that affects the upper lip, alveolous and palate. There are various problems that arise due to cleft lip and palate conditions, one of them is skeletal problems. Inhibited maxillary growth in nsCLP patients can cause differences in skeletal relation patterns. Objective: This study aims to assess the pattern of skeletal relationships in nsCLP patients by lateral cephalogram analysis. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted
by analyzed 33 lateral cephalograms of nsCLP patients. Analysis was performed using the Steiner and Downs
method with the Webceph application. Results: Skeletal relation class III type 1 (Salzmann) and class III classification Cluster 3 (Bui) are the most commonly experienced by nsCLP patients, both female (33.33%) and male (27.27%). The pattern of skeletal class I relationships showed a greater difference in the female group (15.15%) than the male group (9.09). Class II skeletal relation patterns were more common in the male group (12.12%) than the female group (3.03%) Conclusion: there was no overall difference in skeletal relationship patterns between male and female
nsCLP patients at RSGM Unpad. Class III was the dominant skeletal pattern, followed by Class I and Class II, with sex-related differences observed only in Class I and Class II patterns.